Christophorus Clavius - Aritmetica Prattica / Practical Arithmetic

1652 EDITION ON MATHEMATICS, ARITHMETIC ALGORITHMS, COMMERCIAL ACCOUNTING, CURRENCY EXCHANGE, INTEREST, SQUARE AND CUBE ROOTS by Christophorus Clavius (1538–1612), "the Euclid of the 16th century", a German mathematician, astronomer, cosmographer and Jesuit. This is a highly influential Renaissance mathematics textbook and translated from its original Latin into Italian by Lorenzo Castellano, the work was also revised by Clavius himself, who included several additions. This book was the first mathematical book to introduce Western written calculations into China. In the early 1600s, the Italian Jesuit Matteo Ricci (a student of Christopher Clavius) shared European scientific knowledge with the intellectuals of the Ming Dynasty. Together with the scholar Li Zhizao, he translated this book into Chinese under the title "Tongwen Suanzhi or Arithmetic Guidance in the Common Language" introducing several revolutionary innovations to China, since traditional Chinese arithmetic relied largely on physical calculating tools such as the abacus. This book served as a practical arithmetic manual for Renaissance European merchants, artisans, traders, bankers and students. It covered essential mathematical concepts for everyday use and commerce, including operations with fractions and decimals, currency exchange, practical calculations with the abacus, and commercial and advanced applications. The book is illustrated with dozens of graphs, examples that accompany the resolution of dozens of accounting problems, practical examples and mathematical rules. Antique full leather binding richly decorated and in excellent condition. COMPLETE EDITION. NO COPIES FOR SALE, NO COPY LISTED BY WORLDCAT, AND ONLY 2 COPIES IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES ACCORDING TO THE USTC ENTRY PROVIDED HERE; https://www.ustc.ac.uk/editions/1731048. While the third Latin edition of 1585 is currently on sale at Sothebys for US$9,000.00 here; https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/_christophori-clauii-bambergensis-e-societate-iesu-epitome-arithmeticae-practicae-3048. Christophorus Clavius also known as Christoph Clau or Cristoforo Clavio, became famous primarily through the calendar reform to the Gregorian calendar, which was carried out under his professional leadership and decreed in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII. Clavius ​​made the Roman College (a Vatican University of that time) one of the main centers of mathematical studies of his time. Thanks to his commitment, the Jesuit schools and colleges played an important role in the development and transmission of mathematical knowledge, not only in Europe but also in the Far East, particularly in China. TITLE: Aritmetica Prattica (Practical Arithmetic) AUTHORS: Christophorus Clavius (1538–1612), Italian translation by Lorenzo Castellano of the first Latin edition of Clavius' ​​"Epitome Arithmeticae Practicae". PUBLISHER: Giunti press DATE: MDCLII (1652), printed in Venice, Italian text DESCRIPTION: In 4to size, height 190 x width 125 mm or 7.5 by 4.9 inches. [8] preliminary leaves, 279 pages, [17] index leaves, some pagination errors but complete book. Antique full leather binding, solid, richly decorated with gilded friezes on the spine and boards and with titles on the spine, in excellent condition, with rare small defects as per photo. Pages generally clean and in good condition, some yellowing and stains on the first 10 sheets, for the rest of the pages only a few rare small stains and oxidation here and there, text and illustrations are intact as per photo. COMPLETE EDITION. THE BOOK IS STRUCTURED ACCORDING TO THE PROGRESSION OF THESE CHAPTERS: Numeration and Integers: The book begins with basic counting, showing how to correctly read, write, and conceptualize whole numbers in a base-10 system. The Four Fundamentals: It details the standard operations—addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division—providing step-by-step algorithms for performing these manual calculations with large integers. Fractions: Clavius then introduces fractions, explaining the conceptual division of wholes, how to find common denominators, reduce fractions to their simplest forms, and apply the four fundamental operations to them. The Rule of Three: Frequently referred to by Renaissance mathematicians as the "Golden Rule," this chapter teaches how to solve for an unknown fourth value when three values of a proportion are known. Direct and Inverse Proportions: Clavius explores multiple variations of the Rule of Three, teaching readers how to apply it to both whole numbers and fractions to solve situational word problems. The final chapters are heavily dedicated to the "Aritmetica Prattica" (Practical Arithmetic) aspect of the title, equipping tradesmen, artisans, and merchants with the tools necessary for Renaissance commerce. Commercial Arithmetic: This section covers daily business mathematics, including the calculation of interest, currency exchange rates across different regions, and barter. Rule of Partnerships: Clavius provides methods for dividing profits and losses equitably among business partners who invested different amounts of capital over varying periods. The Rule of False Position: The reader is taught to guess a solution, observe the resulting error (the "false" position), and use proportions to scale their guess to the exact true value. Roots and Progressions: The textbook concludes with higher-level mathematical concepts, covering arithmetic and geometric progressions, as well as the step-by-step manual extraction of square and cube roots. LITERATURE & REFERENCES: WORLD CAT (no copies); USTC 1731048 (only 2 copies); OPAC SBN n°PUVE018291; Lattis, James M. (1994). Between Copernicus and Galileo: Christoph Clavius and the Collapse of Ptolemaic Cosmology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; Wallace, William (1984). The Heritage of the Collegio Romano. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 281–291. SHIPPING: via UPS, DHL, National Postal Services, protected, INSURED and fully tracked package. Estimated time for Europe 3-5 working days. Shipping within one working day, you can combine shipping if you purchases several items from us, saving money and time.

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