Icon - Feast day icon - Wood

Important 19th-century Russian icon depicting at its center the complex composition of the Resurrection of Christ with the Descent into Hell (Voskresenie - Soshestvie vo Ad), masterfully framed by the complete cycle of the Twelve Great Liturgical Feasts (Dodekaorton). The central panel follows the strictest principles of Orthodox visual theology and is arranged in overlapping narrative registers: at the bottom, the pivotal event of the Descent into Hell, in which Christ breaks down the gates of Hades to free and redeem Adam, Eve, and the patriarchs; at the upper left, the procession of the righteous, led by the Good Thief toward Paradise; at the upper center, the depiction of the Resurrection. Around this theological centerpiece are twelve finely executed miniature-painted panels illustrating the key moments of the liturgical calendar and the lives of Christ and the Virgin. The broad outer margins (polja) and inner dividers bear clear inscriptions in Old Church Slavonic lettering (in the Vyaz' style, written in cinnabar-red pigment), precisely identifying the subjects and individual feasts depicted. Stylistically, the work reflects the mastery of traditional 19th-century icon-painting workshops (attributable to centers with a long tradition, such as Palech or Mstëra), characterized by a warm palette of ochre and cinnabar red, with fine gold highlights applied over a chalk-and-glue ground (levkas). The solid-wood reverse shows signs of period handcrafting and the sockets for the reinforcing head crossbars (sponki). The work is in an authentic, intact, and highly appealing state of preservation. The painted surface retains an authentic patina and delicate, widespread craquelure, testament to its age and original materials. A natural vertical split in the wood along the central axis is visible; it has been historically stabilized and is firmly consolidated within the structure. These features in no way detract from the beauty or solidity of the icon. The panel shows no tampering or invasive pictorial restoration. Type: Icon of the Great Feasts (Klejma) Subject: Resurrection, Descent into Hell, and the Twelve Liturgical Feasts Origin: Russian Empire Period: 19th century (circa 1850–1880) Technique: Tempera and gold on a wooden panel with a chalk ground (levkas) Dimensions: 27 x 31 cm

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